- 29 Mar, 2021
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Biology lab report
Experiment 1 – Mitosis and Meiosis
Objective
Observe the different stages of mitosis in an onion root tip and meiosis in a lily anther.
Theory
The process by which a cell, with previously replicated chromosomes in the nucleus, is separated into two identical sets of chromosomes is known as mitosis. Mitosis is the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells. These daughter cells are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell. It is a form of nuclear division. Mitosis is generally followed by cytokinesis, this process divides the nuclei, cytoplasm, cellular organelles and cell membrane into two cells of roughly equal shares of these cellular constituents. The M phase of the cell cycle is of mitosis and cytokinesis together. The events of mitosis are divided into the following stages prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. The onion root tip will be used to demonstrate the different phases in mitosis.
Meiosis is a type of division in which the chromosomes duplicate only once but the cell divides twice. Since the cell divides twice one parent cell produces 4 daughter cells. Each daughter cell produced by meiosis has half the number of chromosomes as compared to that of the parent cell. Meiosis occurs in diploid germ cells of sex organs. Interphase occurs prior to meiosis. Interphase of meiosis is similar to that of mitosis except that the S-phase is prolonged in case of meiosis. Distinct G2 phase is either short or absent. Meiosis has two M-phases, Meiosis I and Meiosis II, each with its own karyokinesis and cytokinesis. Use the lily anther to observe meiosis and determine weather the sample is in meiosis I or meiosis II as well as the specific phases.
Task
Video links showing the onion root tip and the lily anther are given below.
Watch the video links and write a laboratory report detailing the different stages of cell division.
For the procedure part of the report you may say that “pre-mounted slides of the onion root tip and lily anther were observed”.
In your report the drawings should include Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase as well as the type of division the cell is undergoing. Make note of the magnification that the phase was observed.
The onion root tip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bV7RcUaxwIA
The lily anther: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YvN4XXjtuSE
u should include drawings